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CEITEC VUTZkratka: AMAk. rok: 2013/2014
Program: Advanced Materials and Nanosciences
Délka studia: 4 roky
Akreditace od: 1.1.2011Akreditace do:
Profil
The programme of Advanced materials will be focussed on advanced (functional and structural gradient, nanostructural and smart) ceramic materials, polymers, metals and composites. Basic research will be focussed on advanced methods of synthesis (or preparing) of advanced materials and multifunctional composites with polymeric, ceramic, silicate or metallic matrixes, characterization of their structures on various dimensional scales and quantifying structure-property-function relationships on the various structural levels. Combined research in the field of advanced ceramic materials, polymeric composites and metallic composites will be focussed on applications in medicine, electrical engineering, power engineering, engineering, chemistry and building engineering.
Vstupní požadavky
http://www.ceitec.vutbr.cz/en/students/admission
Garant
prof. RNDr. Jaroslav Cihlář, CSc.
Vypsaná témata doktorského studijního programu
The aim of the work are advanced syntheses of multicomponent inorganic (ceramic) nanoparticles in order to modify their bioactive properties. The effect of the particle morphology, phase and chemical composition and macrostructure modification on the bioactive properties will be studied. The bioactivity study by means of interaction with cell cultures is assumed.
Školitel: Částková Klára, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
This PhD study programme, in collaboration with the Materials for Sensors Group, will investigate novel methods for the manufacture of complex electroceramic structures for new sensor devices. Possible material configurations will include monolithic, composite and thick films.
Školitel: Button Timothy William, prof., Ph.D.
Engineering structures contain many singular stress concentrators. The most typical is sharp v-notch. Important set of singular stress concentrators represents material joints or material interfaces (surface layers, composite materials). Many further examples can be found in practice. Common characteristic of mentioned stress concentrators is their stress singularity different from 0.5 (in contrast with a crack). It means that classical approaches of linear elastic fracture mechanics cannot be used. The aim of PhD thesis is to use procedures of generalized linear elastic fracture mechanics for estimation of the moment of initial and a manner of crack propagation from general singular stress concentrator. From point of view of engineering applications the procedures derived will be used e.g. for determination of a manner of layered materials failure (material field), for determination of initial crack propagation from sharp v-notch (in structure design field) or for determination of free surface influence on fatigue crack propagation. Commercial FEM code Ansys and mathematical software Matlab will be used for necessary numerical calculations.
Školitel: Náhlík Luboš, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The aim of disertation is the study of mechanism and kinetics of photochemical reactions taking place in the liquid phase in the presence of semiconductor photocatalysts based on multicomponent oxides of transition metals. The work will be mainly focused on the synthesis of cationic and anionic doped nanostructured oxide particles and the study of their structure and photocatalytic properties in the photolysis of water. The dissertation will bring new scientific knowledge about the structure of photocatalytic active centers, defects, width of forbidden bands, the efficiency of adsorption of radiation, and the influence of reaction conditions on the yield of photolysis products (mainly hydrogen).
Školitel: Cihlář Jaroslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
High temperature materials are continuously developed with the aim to increase its properties and, simultaneously, to keep their cost competitive. There are open questions concerning the basic damage mechanisms under high temperatures and complex fatigue/creep loading. The aim of the study will be determination of fatigue, creep and combined fatigue/creep properties of advanced Ni or Co based superalloys and to extend the general pool of knowledge on damage mechanisms, structural stability and prediction of lifetime under complex loading conditions.
Školitel: Kunz Ludvík, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Usually fatigue crack propagation is described by simple Paris-Erdogan law, where fatigue crack growth rate corresponds to stress intensity factor value. In the case of short cracks, plasticity, microstructure or free surface effects play role. The aim of the work is using numerical simulations in ANSYS software and our own experimental results find possibility of short fatigue crack fracture mechanics description. Important issue is also separation and quantification of single effects responsible for anomalous short crack behaviour.
Školitel: Hutař Pavel, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
Dissertation will be focused on the study of bioceramic materials with mechanical properties similar to those of flat and long bones. The main task will be to prepare bioceramic composites modeling the porous and dense patterns of human bones and the study of relations between synthesis, structure, morphology of bioceramic composites and their physical and biochemical properties. The work will be mainly focused on functionally graded nanostructured composites t-ZrO2/Ca-phosphates type. Besides technological issues (synthesis of composite ceramic nanoparticles, forming, sintering and machining of hydroxyapatite composites) the structure of hydroxyapatite composites, mechanical properties and biological properties (bioactivity and biocompatibility) will be studied.
The subject of the PhD study is focused on shaping and consolidation of nanoceramic oxide particles. The main task of the student will contain a study of bulk colloidal ceramics processing using ceramic particles with size below 100 nm via colloidal shaping methods. The research will concern primarily with methods of direct consolidation of ceramic particles. A common difficulty of all these methods lies in the preparation of a stable concentrated suspension of nanoparticles with appropriate viscosity. The solution of the problem assumes understanding and utilization of colloidal chemistry and rheology of ceramic suspensions.
Školitel: Trunec Martin, prof. Ing., Dr.
The aim of this work is the study of composite catalytic systems based on transition metal oxides in particular, systems with perovskite (brownmillerite or spinel structures) in terms of their synthesis, structure and catalytic activity. Initial work will be to study the synthesis of multicomponent catalytic systems and the study of their surface and surface defects. The main objective will be to study the kinetics and mechanism of redox reactions associated with the synthesis of hydrogen. The dissertation will bring new scientific knowledge about the kinetics and mechanisms of heterogeneous catalysis in multicomponent nanoparticle catalysts that will enable in design of new heterogeneous catalysts for reformation reaction of low hydrocarbons and their derivatives to hydrogen with high efficiency.
Polymer stabilizers (antioxidants) are reactive low molecular compounds added into synthetic polymers, their issue is to protect polymer matrix during processing and its real service life. Due to the differences in chemical structures, these additives are often lost from the polymer by means of physical way (extraction, diffusion, volatilization) and cannot carry out their duty any more. Controlled-release stabilizers sourced from the heterogeneous domains can moderate the rate of its loss and, thus, prolong the polymer useful life.
Školitel: Tocháček Jiří, doc. RNDr., CSc.
Due to increase of the long term application of the polymer materials process of slow stable crack growth became important scientific topic. Therefore, the general goal of the work lies in the accurate description of the slow crack propagation in the case of polymeric structure under complex loading conditions taking into account residual stresses. Slow crack growth can be described by the corresponding fracture mechanics parameters and plays an important part in estimation of this life time. The correlation between experimental data of PCCL and numerical model will be presented.
Školitel: Jančář Josef, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Effectiveness of stabilizers (antioxidants) in the polymer matrix is given not only by their chemical structure enabling them reactions with oxidative degradation intermediates, but also by their ability of efficient moving within the polymer matrix and resisting the outer deteriorative impacts, capable of decreasing their level in polymer. Physical behaviour of stabilizer in a semi-crystalline polymer matrix basically influences its stabilization performance. Quantification of the most important physical phenomena such as diffusion, volatilization and extraction and assessing their relative importance related to the overall stabilization efficiency is the topic of this issue.
The dissertation will be focused on the study of thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical processes taking place in non-aqueous dispersions of inorganic nanoparticles. The work will be mainly focused on the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles and composites, on the study of electrokinetic behavior of non-aqueous dispersions of nanoparticles and their rheological properties. The dissertation will bring new scientific knowledge about the kinetics and mechanisms of stabilization of inorganic nanoparticles in non-aqueous dispersions in the presence electrosteric stabilizers that will be used in the design of stable inorganic inks for printing and for electrophoretic deposition of ceramic nanoparticles.
Piezoelectric materials are key components in a wide range of sensor, actuator and transducer devices. The aim of this PhD study is to investigate the introduction of lead-free piezoelectric materials into devices at the micro-scale, using fabrication processes based on photolithography and micro-moulding.
A new trend in the fabrication of customized scaffolds for tissue regeneration or repair is to prepare a material with customized porosity and sorbtion/desorbtion properties. We have, and will further develop the technology for preparation of smart micro-unit systems consisting of microgranules from nanopowder (Si-doped hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, tetracalcium phosphate, or mixture of these components) with a microchannel through it for a nutrition delivery. The aim of the Ph.D. study will be to optimize smart micro-unit systems consisting of microgranules from nanopowder with microchannels for nutrient delivery. Outcome of the work will be used by other partners in FP7 consortium including clinical studies.
Školitel: Salamon David, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
Dissertation will focus on the study of biological and biochemical interactions of bioceramic materials with bone tissues in order to increase biological compatibility of bone cells with bioceramic surfaces and possibly get the tissue-bioceramic composites with long-lived biological the tissue components. First step will be to prepare and study of bioceramic composites with high biocompatibility and bioactivity containing mechanically resistant ceramic shell and biologically active phosphate component. The second step will be to study the growth of bone cell structures on the surface of bioceramic skeleton in vitro. The dissertation will bring new scientific knowledge about the interaction of bioceramic functionally gradient materials and their surfaces with bioactive bone cell cultures.
The aim of this PhD project is to manufacture and characterise lead-free piezoceramic devices based on BiNaTiO3 and compare the properties and performance with those of standard lead-based materials. A wide range of fabrication and characterisation techniques will be used. The study is part of an international collaboration.
The aim of the study is to delimit a region of mechanical stability of selected crystals under nonhydrostatic triaxial loading. For this purpose, phonon spectra will be computed for the crystals in their ground states as well as in deformed states. Phonon spectra will be obtained using force constants that will be computed by the VASP code.
Školitel: Černý Miroslav, prof. Mgr., Ph.D.
The aim of this project is to elucidate the relationships between processing conditions, structural parameters and piezoelectric properties of Pb(ZrTi)O3-based ceramics for industrial applications. This PhD study will involve close collaboration with an industrial organisation.
This work will be focused on modelling of crack growth in NiTi-type materials exhibiting a shape memory effect. Models of processes that underlie the resistance to crack propagation as the slip plasticity, the strain-induced phase transformation and the twinning will comprise an important part of the work.
Školitel: Šandera Pavel, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The goal of this work is preparation of polymer composites from biopolymers modified by synthetic polymers and evaluation of the effect of used methods and additives on the physical and bioactive properties of prepared scaffolds. The emphasis will be placed on the rheological study of biopolymer-synthetic polymer interactions and on the crosslinking physical conditions with a view to prepare hydrolytically stable scaffolds.
Školitel: Vojtová Lucy, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
The proposed topic is focused on plasma spraying deposition, structural stability and mechanical properties of novel amorphous and nanocrystalline ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 eutectic ceramic coating systems designed for high temperature applications. Parameteres of plasma deposition of these coatings on CoNiCrAlY bond coat and Inconel 713LC nickel-based substrate and parameters of subsequent heat treatment will be chosen to facilitate formation of amorphous or nanocrystalline structures within the splats of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings.
Školitel: Švejcar Jiří, prof. Ing., CSc.
FePd, FePt, CoPt, and other magnetic layers became extensively investigated because of their potential application in ultrahigh magnetic recording media. The aim of the study is to delimit a theoretical region of stability for selected crystals of binary alloys. Student will make a model of such crystals under simulated deformations using some of available ab initio codes. In particular, magnetic phase transitions will be studied during the deformation. Results will be compared with available literature data measured on thin films.
Vibration-based energy harvesters utilising piezoelectric ceramics are promising candidates for powering autonomous sensor systems and networks. The aim of this project is to investigate, design and develop processing methods for the manufacture of piezoelectric devices for energy harvesting applications. This will include the optimisation of material properties and characterisation of the new devices. The project will be joint with the Materials for Sensors group.
The proposed topic of the work is focused on novel approach in the research and development of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings widely used in aerospace applications. Design and optimalization of complex technological parameters will be solved in proposed work, when the amorphous and nanocrystalline composite Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 + ZrO2-Y2O3 / CoNiCrAlY functional gradient coating systems will be deposited on the surface of a new generation Inconel 713LC nickel-based superalloy substrate by plasma spraying process in combination with properly designed subsequent annealing. The structural stability of these thermal barrier coatings will be studied under the fixed or variable thermal loading cycle conditions. The results of this work will also be compared with the structural stability tests provided at the same or comparable conditions on plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings based on ZrO2-Y2O3 / CoNiCrAlY widely used in technical practice and nanocrystalline Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 / CoNiCrAlY which currently undergoes the development.
Školitel: Čelko Ladislav, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
The work is focused on the development, preparation and characterization of novel scaffolds (cell carriers) for cartilage and bone regeneration. The goal is to design and prepare the composite scaffolds, which imitate the cartilage and bone tissue by chemical composition and hierarchical structure. Important part will be the optimizing biocomposite composition, their chemo-physical analysis, morphology and biodegradation evaluation.
Pressure-less sintering is the dominant method for the final fabrication of polycrystalline ceramic bodies and new techniques bring rapid heating not available in past. Recently, we have discovered and demonstrated that extremely fast densification and grain growth when dense and crack free zirconia ceramic was sintered at the heating rate up to 500 °C min-1 and dwell time of 2 minutes. The sintering process is accompanied by extremely fast grain growth indicating an unconventional sintering mechanism or heat transfer. The aim of the Ph.D. study will be to explain the new phenomena for various advanced ceramic materials. The expected results will stimulate development of energy saving processing, thermodynamically non-equilibrium materials, and understanding of materials physics.
The work will be focused on experimental determination of fatigue strength, crack growth rates and thresholds in NiTi shape memory alloys under push-pull, torsion and combined cyclic loading at room temperature. The multiaxial servo-hydraulic pulsator Industar-M will be utilized in these fatigue experiments. Crack initiation sites and crack-growth paths will be studied in SEM using stereophotogrammetry of fracture surfaces.
Školitel: Pokluda Jaroslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The project is concerned with a systematic study of the influence of processing conditions on the physical, structural, microstructural and piezoelectric properties of material compositions in the barium zirconium titanate – barium calcium titanate solid solution system. The aim will be to identify candidate materials which could be adopted as environmentally friendly replacements for current piezoelectric materials based on lead zirconate titanate.
Synthesis of “smart” polymer composites via living polymerization technique initiated by nanoparticles is the subject of this work. The goal is new, well-defined polymer composite with predicted molecular weight and narrow polydisperzity index. Chemical and physical properties of prepared “smart” polymer composites suitable for automotive industry application will be evaluated.
The properties of ceramic materials are significantly affected by their microstructure, i.e. their residual porosity, grain-size and pore-size distributions, and by other defects like cracks or inhomogeneities. The most frequent goal of sintering advanced ceramic materials is to obtain a material with high relative density and homogeneous microstructure consisting of small grains. There are many ways how to improve and tailor the final microstructure and properties of ceramic materials. They include advanced methods of powder synthesis, consolidation and shaping as well optimization of the sintering process. The main goal of the dissertation work is to tailor the microstructure of the polycrystalline ceramics through a proper choice of sintering regime. The work combines experimental (conventional pressure-less sintering, pressure-assisted sintering, sintering in electro-magnetic fields) and theoretical (creating of sintering models) approaches.
Školitel: Maca Karel, prof. RNDr., Dr.
The aim of the dissertation is the study of composite reducible transition metal oxides with perovskite or defective spinel structures in terms of stability of phase and chemical composition during repeated redox processes. The work will be focused on the synthesis of oxide nanoparticles and their (cationic and anionic) doping, and the study of their structure. The main part of the work will involve studies of cyclic oxidation and reduction of oxide nanoparticles, the study of surface defects and the mechanism of their formation, locating the active sites for heterogeneous catalysis and testing their activity in model reactions. The dissertation will bring new scientific knowledge about the molecular structure of reducible composite oxides and kinetics and mechanisms of redox processes on their surface.
Newly functionalized polymers suitable for drug delivery will be developed and synthetized. Properties and polymer-drug combination method will be set up in order to control the drug and other bioactive substance release. An essential part will include chemo-physical characterization of prepared polymers together with polymer-drug interaction study and its effect on the sol-gel process.