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Original title in Czech: Fyzikální a materiálové inženýrstvíFSIAbbreviation: D-FMIAcad. year: 2010/2011Specialisation: Physical Engineering
Programme: Physical and Materials Engineering
Length of Study: 4 years
Accredited from: Accredited until: 1.3.2016
Profile
The curriculum concentrates on the comprehensive study of materials properties and failure processes from the point of view of physics and physical metallurgy. Students should develop capability to apply their knowledge in inventive manner to new technologies and materials, such as plasma spraying, special methods of thermo-mechanical and thermo-chemical treatment, etc. Special attention is paid to the degradation processes and to the synergetic effects of various materials properties on material failure. The subjects of study are metallic and non-metallic materials, e.g., structural ceramics, polymers, amorphous and nanocrystalline materials and intermetallics. The Ph.D. programme requires proficiency in mathematics and physics at the MSc. degree level obtained from Faculty of Science or Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.
Guarantor
prof. RNDr. Miroslav Liška, DrSc.
Issued topics of Doctoral Study Program
Ab initio calculations of atomic structures on metal surfaces, comparison with STM/STS techniques.
Tutor: Šikola Tomáš, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens particles per million. In the frame of the dissertation work LIBS technique will be applied for selected industrial and biological samples and the detection limits for the elements of interest will be established.
Tutor: Kaiser Jozef, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens particles per million. In the frame of the dissertation work remote-LIBS technique will be applied for selected industrial and biological samples.
- depth distribution of composition of thin flims by means of AR XPS.
Tutor: Dub Petr, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The work will be focused on proving of a wide-range-coherence digital holographic microscopy (WRC DHM) application for the living-cells dynamics observation.
Tutor: Chmelík Radim, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
- development of AFM/STM method, - simulation of interaction between the AFM tip and surface
Tutor: Spousta Jiří, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
- development and testing of UHV compatible AFM/STM apparatus, - nucleation sites studies of thin films mechanisms
- application of AFM/STM for nanotechnologies
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens ppm; for several elements even lower limits could be realized combining LIBS and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) techniques. In the dissertation work the automatization of the LIBS and LIBS+LIFS setups will be addressed. A computer code should be worked out for controlling all equipments and allowing automatic 2D and quasi-3D analysis of sample chemical composition. The function of automatized setups will be verified on selected samples.
Turbulence at large-scale natural convection is a topical problem. Even in the simplest case of natural convection (Rayleigh-Benard convection), the published results on measured Nusselt number Nu at high Rayleigh numbers Ra contradict each other and are inconsistent with numerical solutions. Behaviour of the main circulations (law and reasons of the wind reversals) and the fluid near boundaries at high Ra are not described enough or are unknown. In laboratory, the values of Ra characteristic for processes in atmosphere are attainable when using cold helium gas (5 - 10 K). The goal: contribute to the understanding of physical principles of unsolved problem of turbulence. Method: experimental study of natural convection using cold helium gas with emphasis on structure of convection flow.
Tutor: Musilová Věra, RNDr., CSc.
Development and application of an UHV apparatus for deposition of thin films by means of direct ion beams.
Development and application of ellipsometry for in situ monitoring of thin films deposition under UHV conditions, part I.
Development and application of an UHV apparatus for deposition of thin films by means of direct ion beams, part II.
Development and application of ellipsometry for in situ monitoring of thin films deposition under UHV conditions, part II. - development and testing of an apparatus for spectroscopic ellipsometry - band structure and electrical behaviour of solids by use of ellipsometry measurements
The target of thesis is: a) To obtain experimental data describing the light scattering from technically important surfaces (e.g. from surfaces of subsystems of solar cells, from surfaces of automobile headlights reflectors etc.) and to study a relation between these data and the technology of the surface preparation. b) To interpret the results obtained within the framework of known theories of light scattering from surfaces.
Tutor: Ohlídal Miloslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
- Study of local anodic oxidation (LAO) by AFM. - Application of AFM in fabrication of masks and grids for nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.
- Study of principles in fabrication of nanostructures by local sputtering and deposition using the focused ion beam (FIB) - Application of FIB for fabrication of masks and grids in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics
- Study of the influence of substrates and deposition conditions on the growth of ultrathin films and nanostructures, - Application of controlled self-assembly (e.g. of selective growth) in fabrication of masks and grids for nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.
Searching for interconnections between technically important macroscopic material parameters and their microscopic and atomistic structure is presently one of very important directions in solid state physics and material research. Deeper understanding of relationships between macroscopic parameters of matter and its structure helps us to obtain further knowledge necessary for discovering and designing materials with better parameters. Aim of this work is to get new results in the field of study of mechanical properties of crystalline solids with regard to possible variability of their atomic structure and different loading conditions. For this purpose, calculations based on first principles i.e. fundamental quantum theory based on density functional theory will be performed using computational systems Wien2k and VASP.
Tutor: Pokluda Jaroslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
For applications of shape-memory NiTi alloys a thorough knowledge of their functional, thermomechanical behaviour is necessary. In the frame of the PhD study, experimental methods for thermomechanical tests of thin NiTi wires in tension, torsion and dynamic loading will be developed. Moreover, functional models of Stewart platform assigned for precise space positioning and loading of engineering and biological components will be designed. The research will be performed in a close collaboration with the Institute of Physics, ASCR, in Prague and will be supported by the MEYS in the frame of the research project MSM0021630518.
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) of thin films Co, Ni, NiN, AlN, Si3N4, C3N4 , part I.
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) of thin films ZrO2, HfO2, Al2O3, hydroxylapatite ..., part II.
Multiferroics are materials that exhibit at least two distinct phase transitions that are responsible for significant changes of certain relevant physical properties of the material. At mesoscopic length and time scales, the behavior of these materials can be studied efficiently using the Landau-Ginzburg theory in which the free energy functional is written using a set of well-defined order parameters adapted to the crystal symmetry. In order to study the evolution of microstructure in these materials, it is necessary to extend this theory to account for interactions between individual order parameters. Owing to the coupling of magnetization and strain in magnetoelastic multiferroics such as Fe-Pd or Ni2MnGa, one can thus systematically tune their magnetic properties by the action of mechanical load and vice versa. In thin epitaxial films, these changes are accomplished by the deformation of the substrate. A very important role in this process is played by crystal defects that cause local demagnetization and thus deterioration of the magnetic properties of the material. The main objectives of this Ph.D. project will be: (i) development of a mesoscopic description of magnetoelastic multiferroics based on the mean-field approach, (ii) parametrization of the free energy functional using experimental data and/or results of atomistic simulations, (iii) study of demagnetization caused by various crystal defects, (iv) analysis of the magnetic hysteresis in defect-free materials and its changes due to the presence of crystal defects. This research project is funded by the 7th Framework Programme of the European Union, in particular my Marie-Curie International Reintegration Grant "MesoPhysDef" No. 247705 that will continue with a follow-up project. The student gains not only an excellent knowledge of a wide range of theoretical approaches to studying phase transitions in multiphase materials, but also a deeper understanding of the synthesis of these materials and their characterizations by electron microscopy. The theoretical part of this project will be carried out in collaboration with the Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA and with the University of Cambridge, UK. The experimental measurements will be performed by the researchers at the Institute of Physics and at the Group of Electrical and Magnetic Properties of the Institute of Physics of Materials, both the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It is expected that the prospective Ph.D. student is willing to attend international conferences and will publish his/her research in high-impact peer-reviewed publications.
Tutor: Gröger Roman, doc. Ing., Ph.D. et Ph.D.
Modelling and simulation of ion - solid interactions: - study of the surface vibrations mechanism, - application of "Truncation Rod Scattering" method.
Application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics - Generation and detection of plasmon polaritons in metal thin films and nanostructures. - Study of propagation of plasmon polaritons on surfaces of these objects and their application (e.g. in nanosensors).
Application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics> - Fabrication of plasmonic nanoantennas and a study of their influence on local excitation of electromagnetic. radiation - Application of plasmonic nanoantennas in local excitation of photoluminescence
The target of thesis is - to perform numerical calculations of angular distribution of light intensity scattered from rough surface of given type (a surface with the Gaussian distribution of irregularities, surfaces prepared by alkaline etching etc.) within the framework of the Kirchhoff theory of the scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces. - to compare results obtained with the experimental results achieved in The Laboratory of Coherent Optics, Institute of Physical Engineering FME BUT.
Propagation of cracks under shear loading modes II, III and II+III is one of the strong directions in the world fatigue research. The emphasize is put on the near-threshold crack growth rate and a quantification of transfer conditions from the shear modes to the opening mode I. In the department MMAA IPE this topic is already studied for several yearshas in a close collaboration with the Erich-Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Science, in Leoben, where experiments on austenitic steel and ARMCO iron are currently in progress. In the frame of this PhD study this research will continue also using other metallic materials. This work will be suported by the Czech Science Foundation in the frame of the project No. P108/10/0698 in collaboration with the Institute of Thermomechanics, ASCR, in Prague.
In situ monitoring of processes on surfaces of solids and thin films by LEED.
Nano-fiber reinforced composites subjected to mechanical loading represent a very actual topic of research in the field of solid state physics and material sciences. The knowledge obtained can help us to understand the related deformation processes and also can contribute to designing new and more durable materials. The aim of the study is to address the problems of first-principles modeling of nano-fiber reinforced composites and to study their resistance to an applied mechanical loading. The Density Functional Theory implemented in the program systems VASP and Abinit will be employed for this purpose.
Tutor: Černý Miroslav, prof. Mgr., Ph.D.
- Building an apparatus for the measurements of local and integral photoluminescence properties of nanostructures - Study of photoluminescence properties of nanostructures (ordered and disordered semiconductor/dielectric structures)
- Development of the methods of manipulation/formation of nanofibres (e.g. C60) between segments of nanoelectrodes. - Measurement of electrical transport properties of nanofibres.
- Application of a newly developed ultravacuum apparatus based on MBE and RHEED, for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Application of FIB, EBL and other methods for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Study of magnetic properties of ultrathin films and nanostructures
Reduction of the light coherence in digital holographic microscopy leads to the optical sectioning effect, which allows for 3D imaging of specimen surfaces, or for making visible objects embedded in a scattering medium. However, the image formation with the light of reduced coherence is not theoretically described in details. The aim of the proposed work is to derive the theoretical description of imaging by a wide-range-coherence digital holographic microscope (WRC DHM), the dependence of its parameters on the light coherence, especially for transmited light.
Methods, which enable to display the entire 3D structure of the studied object non-destructively are intensively studied in many scientific and industrial branches. Up to now, for the practical use, the (computed) tomography i.e. a method that gathers 3D information by reconstruction from 2D projections is mostly employed. Computed tomography (CT) has been widely extended in medical diagnostic. Moreover, especially the X-ray micro-CT has been applied in further important areas, such as machine design and diagnostics, biology, geophysics, archaeology and many others. It is obvious from above-mentioned examples, that qualitative and quantitative 3D visualization techniques based on tomographic reconstruction are intensively investigated worldwide. The topics of the dissertation work include study, application and improvements of absorption- and phase-contrast X-ray micro-CT techniques.
Study plan wasn't generated yet for this year.