Czech

2

Institute of Social Sciences (SPV)

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Basic knowledge from secondary school from subject "Foundantion of social sciences (philosophy)" or "Civics"; basic orientation in philosophical systems, paradigmata and personalities of history of philosophy.

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LECTURES:
1. The concept of "philosophy". Introduction to the philosophical system and terminology.
2. Ancient philosophy. Philosophy in Greece. The beginnings of philosophy.
3. The Milesian philosophical school and the other Greek philosophical systems (Eleatism, Atomism and Pythagoreans).
4. Hellenistics philosophy. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.
5. Philosophy before Christianity and at the beginning of Christian period. Neoplatonism, Epicurianism, Stoicism.
6. The philosophy of the Middle-Ages. The universalism dispute.
St. Thomas Aquinss - pillar of medieval philosophy. Comparison with Aristotle and St. Augustine.
7. Early Modern philosophy. Philosophy of the Renaissance and Reformation. Cusanius, Bruno, Galilei, Bacon, Comenius and Descartes as personalities of the Renaissance and Modern philosophy. Spinoza and Leibniz.
8. Rationalism and empiricism in philosophy. Locke, Berkeley, Hume and Descartes. Enlightenment and philosophy - Voltaire and Rousseau.
9. Immanuel Kant´s philosophy. The Critiques of Pure and Practical Reason. The Critiques of Judgement. Pozitivism in philosophy.
10. Fichte, Schelling, Hegel and their contemporaries.
11. Positivism in philosophy. Schopenhauer, Hedigger and Nietzsche.
12. Phenomenology and hermeneutistics. Existential philosophy.
13. Modern philosophy in the 20th century. The Vienna Circle. L. Wittgenstein. Systems and personalities.

SEMINARS:
1. Analysis of the thought of the natural philosophers, Pythagoras and the Eleates.
2. The Sophists and their approach to philosophy. Plato´s work - analysis of dialogs, dialectics, ethics and law.
3. Aristotele´s publications, opinions on nature, dialectics, ethics and politics. Stoicism, Epicurianism, scepticism.
4. St. Augustine: Confessions - theme analysis.
5. Summa theologica and Summa contra gentiles - analysis of the works and thoughts of St. Thomas Aquinas.
6. Philosophy in the Renaissance and Reformation. Humanism and philosophy.
7. Social and political opinions in the works of religious reformers, Macchiavelli, Morus etc.
8. Cartesianism, analysis of the work of Descartes "Discourse of Method".
9. Kant´s opinions on knowledge, morality and religion, pre-Critique and post-Critique work.
10. Comte and a new view on society; Marxism and Utopian socialism.
11. Schopenhauer - "Zhe World as a Will and Idea", Nietzsche - "The Will to Power" - analysis of works.
12. J. P. Sartre, A. Camus, L. Wittgenstein - analysis of works.
13. Modern philosophy.

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Increasing of orientation in basic philosophical paradigmata, periods and important personalities. Analysis of sources of philosophical thoughts with comparison to update science knowledge. Contribution of philosophical thought in history to development of nature and technical sciences.

Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.

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SOLOMON, R. C. A short history of philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press. 1996. (EN)
STÖRIG, Hans J. Malé dějiny filozofie. Praha: Zvon. 1993. ISBN 80-7113-236-5. (CS)

ARZENBACHER, A.: Úvod do etiky. Kostelní Vydří: Karmelitánské nakladatelství 2001

13 hours, compulsory