Přístupnostní navigace
E-application
Search Search Close
Branch Details
Original title in Czech: Fyzikální a materiálové inženýrstvíFSIAbbreviation: D-FMIAcad. year: 2018/2019Specialisation: Physical Engineering
Programme: Physical and Materials Engineering
Length of Study: 4 years
Accredited from: 1.1.1999Accredited until: 31.12.2020
Profile
The curriculum concentrates on the comprehensive study of materials properties and failure processes from the point of view of physics and physical metallurgy. Students should develop capability to apply their knowledge in inventive manner to new technologies and materials, such as plasma spraying, special methods of thermo-mechanical and thermo-chemical treatment, etc. Special attention is paid to the degradation processes and to the synergetic effects of various materials properties on material failure. The subjects of study are metallic and non-metallic materials, e.g., structural ceramics, polymers, amorphous and nanocrystalline materials and intermetallics. The Ph.D. programme requires proficiency in mathematics and physics at the MSc. degree level obtained from Faculty of Science or Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.
Guarantor
prof. RNDr. Petr Dub, CSc.
Issued topics of Doctoral Study Program
Imaging at several millimetres depth in tissue, while maintaining the sub-micron resolution available in standard light microscopes, requires new types of endoscopes. Multimode fibers have shown promise as flexible endoscopes, but advanced adaptive optics is needed to overcome the phase offsets between the propagation modes in the fiber, which scrambles the image. In this project the student will work on advanced applied microscopy through a multimode fiber. Possible avenues are linear Raman imaging for label-free imaging with chemical contrast at the tip of a fiber, further developing existing methods for fiber-based light-sheet imaging using specialized probes, and possibly combining this with Raman spectroscopy. Imaging with chemical contrast has potential use in, for example, diagnosing tumours in situ without performing a biopsy and imaging lipid distribution in cells (relevant for cell metabolism and related disease conditions). The student will collaborate with researcher working with in-vivo imaging, delivering solutions for their imaging needs, as well as with researcher developing technology for various imaging modalities. The project is mainly experimental with only some (<20%) theoretical modelling. The student will learn basic modelling of light propagation in an optical fiber, adaptive optics, microscopy and imaging, programming for instrument control. Knowledge of optics is central to the project. Some knowledge of a programming language (Matlab, LabView or similar) would be useful. The work will take place at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The PhD student will be a part of the research project “Gate2mu: Holographic endoscopy for in vivo applications", which is currently running at this institute. The whole Gate2mu project will consist of ca 15 people (post-grads, postdocs and several senior researchers).
Tutor: Čižmár Tomáš, prof. Mgr., Ph.D.
The methods of holographic endoscopy have recently emerged as a powerful platform to introduce sub-cellular resolution microscopy deep inside tissues of living organisms. The work will explore the possibility of deployment of various advanced techniques of modern microscopy including volumetric, multi-photon and super-resolution approaches. The candidate will the develop a computational toolbox, which will be used to fully emulate the above techniques, assess their performance and optimise the essential conditions for the experimental procedures. Further the candidate will actively interact with technologically, theoretically and bio-medically oriented colleagues of the Complex Photonics team at ISI Brno and engage in direct implementation of the methods in practical settings.
By using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) information on local electronic properties (e. g. surface potential, work function) of two-dimensional nanostructures can be obtained. This information can be used for understanding of physical principles, design, sensitivity/effectivity improvement of solar cells and sensors based on the 2D nanostructures. In the project, the Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy will be used e. g. for study of p-n junction in solar cells and charge transport observation in sensors based on graphene.
Tutor: Kalousek Radek, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
Kelvin's probe force microscopy (KPFM) is an excellent tool for mapping the distribution of surface potential locally up to nanometer resolution. This can be advantageously used in a study of charge distribution on nanometer-sized sensors and at investigation of p-n interfaces of solar cells during their operation. This new information, in addition to commonly studied sensor current responses and solar cell voltage responses, makes it easier to understand the ongoing physical processes, use this knowledge to eliminate the shortcomings of existing devices, and possibly to design higher efficiency devices. At work, you will need to master the general physical principles of KPFM, sensors and solar cells. A suitable applicant is a graduate of a Master's degree in Physics, Electrical Engineering or Chemistry. Aims: 1) Mastering physical principles and measurement of graphene-based sensors and solar cells. 2) Adopting theoretical and practical aspects of KPFM. 3) Mapping the charge distribution close to a graphene sensor and designing more sophisticated sensors. 4) Mapping the potential distribution on the graphene-semiconductor solar cell interface and designing the cell with higher efficiency. 5) Adequate publishing outputs and presentation of results at international conferences.
Tutor: Šikola Tomáš, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens ppm; for several elements even lower limits could be realized combining LIBS and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) techniques. In the dissertation work the automatization of the LIBS and LIBS+LIFS setups will be addressed. A computer code should be worked out for controlling all equipments and allowing automatic 2D and quasi-3D analysis of sample chemical composition. The function of automatized setups will be verified on selected samples.
Tutor: Kaiser Jozef, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The work will be dealing with the interpretation of the quantitative phase images gained by coherence-controlled holographic microscopy (CCHM). The possibilities for automated analysis of quantitative phase images by means of supervised and unsupervised machine learning will be investigated. The quantitative phase images enable extraction of valuable features characterizing the distribution of dry mass within the cell and hence provide important information about the live cell behaviour. The work would focus on refinement of the present automated classification of cells while employing the quantitative information from both the single-time-point and time-lapse quantitative phase images. The proposed methods will be tested on the images of live cells in order to estimate the applicability in the cancer cell biology.
Tutor: Chmelík Radim, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
Classical biochemical tests in vitro are currently being replaced by bioelectronic sensors that excel in their speed, reusability and minimal dimensions. One of the most promising materials in this area is graphene, which has a high sensitivity to the presence of adsorbed molecules and is biocompatible at the same time. The subject of the doctoral thesis will be development and production of biosensors based on graphene and related two-dimensional materials. In the thesis, it will be necessary to master the general physical principles of sensors, problems of field-controlled transistors with an electrolytic gate and functionalization to achieve selective sensor response. A suitable applicant is a graduate of a Master's degree in Physical Engineering, Electrical Engineering or Biochemistry. Aims: 1) Managing physical principles of biosensors, their theoretical and experimental aspects. 2) Design and manufacture of a sensor based on a field-controlled transistor with an electrolytic gate. 3) Functionalization of sensor for specific biological and chemical reaction 4) Sensor response testing on selected biological materials. 5) Adequate publishing outputs and presentation of results at international conferences.
Holographic microscopy as an important method of quantitative phase imaging became an significant imaging modality for label-free biomedical imaging suitable particularly for quantitative observation of live cell and profiling of its dry mass (Zangle and Teitell, Nature Methods, 2014). Applying of a coherence-gate effect results in a significant improvement in image quality and resolution, and also enables imaging of three-dimensional objects and objects in optically turbid media. The thesis will focus on the research of the coherent gate effect in holographic microscopy and its use in quantitative phase imaging of biological objects.
For maximum information yield about live cells behaviour provided by coherence controlled holographic microscopy it is inevitable to design and develop complex automated bioreactor. Such a device should ensure optically suitable accommodation of live cells in the microscope with provision of control over physiological microenvironment and preprogrammed challenges. The task is to design, develop and validate the complex automated biorector for T1 holographic microscope.
Tutor: Veselý Pavel, MUDr., CSc.
The aim of the dissertation thesis is instrumental and methodological development in imaging of samples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including correlation of signals from detectors of electrons (secondary, back-scattered) and photons (cathodoluminescence, X-ray). This research includes quantitative imaging for selected signals that will provide more detailed information about investigated samples and in turn precise comparison of the measured data with theoretical simulations. The correlation of different signals together with quantitative imaging extends the conventional imaging in SEM and adds value to images in the form of acquired physical and biophysical properties in investigated samples. Potential specimens for this imaging are mainly biological samples and their combinations with nanoparticles showing cathodoluminescence, which play important role in medicine, pharmacology etc.
Tutor: Krzyžánek Vladislav, Ing., Ph.D.
Development of the elements of SPM and its application in the field of surfaces, thin films and nanostructures. A possibility of incorporation of the microscope or its individual components into SEM or other microscopid techniques.
Tutor: Spousta Jiří, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
Development of the control unit of piezoceramic annomanipulators and actuators. These elements will be used as a part of SPM or measuring or litografic stages.
Sample imaging in scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) or transmission scanning electron microscope (TSEM) are standard microscopical techniques. But they can be also used for determination of aberration coefficients which is based on computer processing of amorphous sample images. The knowledge of the aberration coefficients is necessary for alignment of corrected electron microscopes. The standard approaches are based on Ronchigram - shading image of the specimen measured on 2D pixel detector behind the sample. The aberration coefficients can be determined from one or low number of Ronchigrams. If the microscope is not equipped by this detector the aberration coefficients can be determined from form series of diffractograms - Fourier transformations of amorphous specimen images with different sample tilt. The work will be concern on development and optimization of the method for system with 2D segmented detector behind the sample. It will cover design, simulations and experimental verification of the method.
Tutor: Radlička Tomáš, Mgr., Ph.D.
● Application of coherence-controlled holographic microscopy and other quantitative phase imaging methods for measurements of dynamic dry-mass distributions in live cancer cells in tissue culture ● Quantitative evaluation of statistically significant changes in cellular responses to chemotherapeutic drugs using dynamic morphometric parameters derived by image processing The project will include developments in microscopy, image processing, data analysis and tissue culture.
Tutor: Zicha Daniel, Ing., CSc.
Experimental study of the angular intensity distribution of light scattered from surfaces of solids, single thin films and multilayers by ARS (Angle-resolved scattering) method.
Tutor: Ohlídal Miloslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
● Quantitative analysis of changes in cell behaviour induced by replacement of genetic material using DNA microinjection in vitro Statistical significance of changes in cell behaviour, such as speed of cell motility, will be evaluation using coherence controlled holographic microscopy and other methods for quantitative phase imaging. Dynamic morphometric parameters will be measured using computer image processing methods. The project will involve microscopy techniques, cell culture, capillary microinjection, computer image processing and data analysis.
Due to their geometry, one-dimensional materials seem to be natural building blocks for many device systems, e.g. in electronics or photonics. They can be easily and reproducibly contacted and allow to design 3D devices. Additionally, they seem to be natural choice for nanoscale electrodes (e.g. for detecting cells signalling) or for nanoscale-patterned macroscale electrodes (e.g. in electrochemistry). Currently, mostly undergraduates in our group deal with lithography, which is necessary for device design. We seek for a PhD candidate capable of fabricating a device geometry on demand, and aiming at performing measurements (electrical, optical) relevant for the device application (photonics, bio interfacing, sensing etc.).
Tutor: Kolíbal Miroslav, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
State-of-the-art chemical analysis is constantly improving when it comes to individual analytical techniques. Contemporary trend is shifting to the joint utilization of complementary analytical techniques, namely within one analytical instrument. Moreover, it is expected that such synergy will exploit benefits of both techniques, such as Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectroscopy. Both laser spectroscopy techniques provide elemental and molecular information, respectively. They enable to run a mapping of the sample surface with high spatial resolution (number of analytical spots per unit area). Combined utilization of mentioned spectroscopic techniques is beneficial due to the possibility to partly share analytical instrumentation and, in turn, to lower the cost of the instrument. Regardless, this synergy of spectroscopic techniques is still unique; thus, potentially new paradigm dwells in their successful implementation.
Study of GaN nanostructures: - fabrication of GaN nanostructures (ultratin films, nanocrystals and nanofibres) by atom/ion beams and other methods, - characterization of composition and structure of GaN products, - measurement of optical properties (potoluminiscence) of GaN nanostructures.
Tutor: Čechal Jan, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The dissertation will be concentrated on problems of interaction of very slow electrons with 2D crystals, in particular with the graphene. The aim will be to elucidate relation between the method of preparation of the graphene and presence of fluctuations in the reflectivity of very slow electrons from the graphene on a substrate as well as from the free-standing graphene. Activities will include preparation of the graphene with various methods and its microscopic diagnostics in an ultrahigh vacuum scanning electron microscope and in a microscope with a standard vacuum. Furthermore, the phenomenon of removal of adsorbed overlayers owing to impact of slow electrons will be examined in detail, together with its influence on transmissivity and reflectivity of the graphene. Besides the graphene also other 2D crystals will be included in the study according to their availability. Publication of results is supposed, preferentially in international journals.
Tutor: Frank Luděk, RNDr., DrSc.
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) of thin films ZrO2, HfO2, Al2O3, hydroxylapatite.
In the study plasmonice nanostructures of novel materials (for instance graphene) for detection of adsorbed complex (bio)molecules by FT IR spectroscopy will be used. Instead of relying on classical spectral shifts of localized surtface plasmon polaritons, the „finger prints“ of the molecules in optical spectra enhanced by plasmonic effects will be detected. Here, particularly, tunability of plasmon resonance properties of the nanostructures will be utilized.
A laser-trapped particle in ultrahigh vacuum has no physical contact to the environment, which makes it a promising system for ground state cooling even at room temperatures. Cooling of micron-sized particles to millikelvin temperatures has recently been achieved by applying an various optical feedback schemes. The main goal of the proposed PhD thesis will be to study of nanoparticle motion in harmonic and anharmonic potentials, laser cooling of nanoparticles, interactions between cooled nanoparticles and environment. The PhD student is expected to perform the experiments, analysed and interpret the results. The Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS will provide all material conditions for this work for 4 years, has 20 year history in optical micromanipulation techniques, collaborates with a number of laboratories around the world and belongs to the leading world-wide players in the this area. The activities will be financially supported by the Centre of excellence for classical and quantum interactions (CSA 14-36681G) and Centre of advanced diagnostic methods and technologies – ALISI (MEYS LO1212).
Tutor: Zemánek Pavel, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
The content of the dissertation thesis is: - the analysis of a topography of solid rough surfaces by means of the light scattering from these surfaces, which is based on the Beckmann-Kirchhoff, the Rayleigh-Rice and the Harvey-Shack scattering theory according the kind of samples studied, - searching for new possibilities of this analysis.
The aim of the research will be the analysis of saturation absorption spectroscopy in molecular absorber Hydrogen Cyanine (HCN) and the subsequent assembly of experimental apparatus. The apparatus will serve both for hanging the narrowband laser optical frequency on the selected hyperfine molecular transition of HCN and will also allow fast detection of the centers of hyperfine transition centers during laser detuning over a wide wavelength range, from 1527 nm to 1563 nm. The core of the work will be to develop a method for detecting these centers at the very fast laser tuning speeds (up to 1000 GHz/s), as well as special methods of measuring the optical frequency of these line centers by the beatnote between tunable laser and an optical frequency comb operating in the infrared range. The result of the comparison of the central frequencies of the HCN molecular hyperfine transitions will be the exact determination of the absolute optical frequencies with respect to the measuring apparatus and the new methods implemented. Methods and procedures will be experimentally tested in the laboratories of the Department of Coherent Optics at ÚPT AV ČR in Brno. In particular, it will be the use of a new ultra-low-noise optical frequency comb operating at a wavelength of 1550 nm which allows the optical frequency of the tunable laser device to be compared with the HCN gas with a resolution of units or tens of Hz.
Tutor: Číp Ondřej, Ing., Ph.D.
- matrix method for computations in electron optics - influence of tolerancing and 5th order aberrations - implementation of the differential algebra method for the computation of aberration coefficients of an arbitrary order
Tutor: Lencová Bohumila, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Imaging at several millimetres depth in tissue, while maintaining the sub-micron resolution available in standard light microscopes, requires new types of endoscopes. Multimode fibers have shown promise as flexible endoscopes, but advanced adaptive optics is needed to overcome the phase offsets between the propagation modes in the fiber, which scrambles the image. In this project we aim to implement multi-photon fluorescence and non-linear Raman microscopy (SRS or CARS) at the end of a multimode fiber endoscope. Initially, the student will study the frequency dependent light transmission in graded index fibers (experiments and theory), with the aim to allow delivery of femtosecond pulses with a specific chirp to the imaging area. Once this is achieved, we will apply this to multi-photon imaging and investigate the possibility of non-linear Raman imaging. We will evaluate which method (SRS or CARS) is more suitable for imaging through a multimode fiber. Towards the end of the project we hope to demonstrate label-free non-linear imaging in tissue. This has potential use in diagnosing tumours in situ without performing a biopsy. The project is mainly experimental with only some (<20%) theoretical modelling. The student will learn basic modelling of light propagation in an optical fiber, adaptive optics, microscopy and imaging, programming for instrument control, femtosecond pulse characterization techniques. Knowledge of optics is central to the project. Some knowledge of a programming language (Matlab, LabView or similar) would be useful. The work will take place at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic with the possibility of full-time employment. The PhD student will be a part of the research project “Gate2mu: Holographic endoscopy for in vivo applications", which is currently running at this institute. The whole Gate2mu project will consist of ca 15 people (post-grads, postdocs and several senior researchers).
Cancer invasion and metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. The main problems lie in accuracy of diagnosis and the choice of the most efficient treatment. Better utilisation of biopsy material is a promising candidate for improvement. This project focuses on development of a new procedure where the biopsy fragments from cancer patients will be subjected to time-lapse analysis of 3D cell motility based on 2-photon imaging featuring deep penetration. Motile behaviour of cells within the fragments will be quantitative analysed and statistical significance of changes induced by presence of potential chemotherapeutic agents will be evaluated thus indicating a suitable treatment for the relevant patients.
Application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics> - Fabrication of plasmonic nanostrucutres (e.g. nanoantennas) and a study of their influence on local excitation of electromagnetic. radiation. - Application of plasmonic nanostructures in local excitation of photoluminescence or enhancement of solar cell efficiency.
Coherence-controlled holographic microscopy is focused on the observation of living cells in vitro. Long-term observation of living cells necessarily requires automated control of both microscope and experiment. The first goal is to design a new optical arrangement of a fully automated microscope, its mechanical design, and creation of the control software. Another goal is to propose methods for automation of biological experiments, implementing them into control software, and testing in real experiments.
Imaging at several millimetres depth in tissue, while maintaining the sub-micron resolution available in standard light microscopes, requires new types of endoscopes. Multimode fibers have shown promise as flexible endoscopes, but advanced adaptive optics is needed to overcome the phase offsets between the propagation modes in the fiber, which scrambles the image. In this project we aim to implement multi-photon fluorescence and non-linear Raman microscopy (SRS or CARS) at the end of a multimode fiber endoscope. Initially, the student will study the frequency dependent light transmission in graded index fibers (experiments and theory), with the aim to allow delivery of femtosecond pulses with a specific chirp to the imaging area. Once this is achieved, we will apply this to multi-photon imaging and investigate the possibility of non-linear Raman imaging. We will evaluate which method (SRS or CARS) is more suitable for imaging through a multimode fiber. Towards the end of the project we hope to demonstrate label-free non-linear imaging in tissue. This has potential use in diagnosing tumours in situ without performing a biopsy. The project is mainly experimental with only some (<20%) theoretical modelling. The student will learn basic modelling of light propagation in an optical fiber (the advanced modelling is done elsewhere in the main project), adaptive optics, microscopy and imaging, programming for instrument control, femtosecond pulse characterization techniques. Knowledge of optics is central to the project. Some knowledge of a programming language (Matlab, LabView or similar) would be useful. The work will take place at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic with the possibility of full-time employment. The PhD student will be a part of the research project “Gate2mu: Holographic endoscopy for in vivo applications”, which is currently running at this institute. The whole Gate2mu project will consist of ca 15 people (PHD students, postdocs and several senior researchers).
Tutor: Tyc Tomáš, prof. Mgr., Ph.D.
Properties and application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics - generation and detection of surfaces plasmon polaritons in metal thin films and nanostructures, - study of propagation of plasmon polaritons on surfaces of these objects and their application (e.g. in nanosensors).
Tutor: Dub Petr, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Study of the properties of localized surface plasmon modes: - generation of specific modes of localized surface plasmons in nanostructures, - methods of detection and mapping of the modes of localized surface plasmons in nanostructures.
Popis tématu v ENG: Correlation and holographic imaging are techniques that allow either quantitative phase or three-dimensional image reconstruction from interference pattern. The doctoral thesis aims to implement new configurations for correlation and holographic imaging, where the light is multiplexed into orthogonal polarization states rather than divided into independent optical paths. Such systems are expected to improve existing and provide new imaging features, which are unavailable in up-to-date experiments. The required polarization states will be generated and modulated using electro-optic effect in liquid crystal molecules or new generation optical components working on geometric phase.
Oxide materials will be prepared employing pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in vacuum chamber and analyzed in-situ by scanning probe microscopies (STM/AFM), low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The aim is to discover novel materials for catalysis.
- development of techniques for preparation of ardered arrays of nanoparticles from colloidal solutions on different substrates - study of optical (plasmonic) properties of prepared nanostructures - study of transport properties of prepared nanostructures - applications development (e.g. towards detection of biomolecules etc.)
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is getting its position in real-life applications among other techniques typically used in analytical chemistry. Elemental analysis provided in real-time by LIBS results in multidimensional data sets. This is however a bottleneck of consecutive data analysis. This is even more limiting when the analysis of unknown or heterogeneous samples, for which there is no available data-processing protocol, is of interest. Thus, the key step in data analysis is localization of spectral lines and namely their automatic assignment, i.e. automatic qualitative analysis. Next step of this dissertation thesis is the assessment of theoretical description of laser-induced plasma (including its thermodynamic properties) and its tomographic model. Then, this will be beneficially used in the quantitative, even calibration-free, analysis. Concluding, there is currently no commercially-available algorithm enabling automatic qualitative and quantitative analysis; in turn, its successful implementation will have great potential and impact.
The topic is focused on development of numerical methods for rigorous simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation in arbitrary inhomogeneous media. Namely, we assume investigation of the techniques based on the expansion into plane waves and/or eigenmodes in combination with perturbation techniques. Developed techniques will applied to modeling of light scattering by selected biological samples. Requirements: - knowledge in fields of electrodynamics and optics corresponding to undergraduate courses - basic ability to write computer code, preferably in Matlab.
Tutor: Petráček Jiří, prof. RNDr., Dr.
Development of hybrid methods of the selective growth of nanostructures on patterned substrates: - patterning of sample surfaces by nanolithographic methods (FIB, SEM, SPM), - selective growth of metallic or semiconductor (e.g. GaN) nanostructures on these surfaces by sputtering under UHV conditions or by deposition from colloidal solutions.
A study of the influence of the magetic field on the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons. Exploitaion of this phenomenon in the field of sensors and detectors.
In general, there is currently a variety of solutions enabling the correction of presbyopia, however, ideal would be the restoration of accommodation by mimicking properties of the young natural crystalline lens. Unfortunately, it has not yet been achieved despite the fact that a number of attempts to design accommodative IOL was made so far. Multifocal, mainly bifocal and also trifocal, intraocular lenses (IOL) of different designs are now the prevalent solution of cataract and presbyopia correction allowing simultaneous vision mainly at far and near distances. Due to some drawbacks inherent to multifocal IOL technology, alternative approaches have been developed including attempts to extend the IOL DoF by different means in order to achieve good vision at far and intermediate distances (and also acceptable vision at near). Different strategies can be used to extend the DoF, e.g. multifocal IOLs with very low addition(s) and/or IOL with controlled amount of some aberrations. The main goal of this project is to theoretically and experimentally investigate the impact of these strategies and/or their combinations on DoF and retinal image quality.
The PhD study will deal with the effect of strong coupling between the localized surface plasmons in antennas and the excitations in their resonantly absorbing non-metallic environments. The main task will be to exploit this knowledge for finding and utilizing general principles of localized plasmon-enhanced absorption. We intend to tackle this problem over a wide electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from the mid-IR to the visible. Such a broader approach is possible due to common features of index of refraction at anomalous dispersion related to absorption peaks/bands of materials, regardless the physical origin of resonant absorption. We propose to go beyond the nowadays knowledge and limits on optimization of localized plasmon-enhanced absorption upon the strong coupling regime over a large spectral area. It will make it possible to carry out research on challenging phenomena exploitable not only in the local heating of materials, but also in IR and light detection, energy harvesting, (bio)sensing, etc.
- Building an apparatus for the measurements of local and integral photoluminescence properties of nanostructures - Study of photoluminescence properties of nanostructures (ordered and disordered semiconductor/dielectric structures)
- Development of the methods of manipulation/formation of nanofibres (e.g. C60) between segments of nanoelectrodes. - Measurement of electrical transport properties of nanofibres.
- Application of a newly developed ultravacuum apparatus based on MBE and RHEED, for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Application of FIB, EBL and other methods for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Study of magnetic properties of ultrathin films and nanostructures
Fibre optics is experiencing unprecedented developments in both experimental and theoretical areas nowadays. Recently, for example, image transmission has been demonstrated by multimode fibre resilient to fibre deformation, as well as manipulation by microscopic objects using light transmitted by the fibre. New types of fibers with complex internal structures are also being developed. Very promising is the use of optical fiber as a specific time response element that promises applications in spectroscopy. The PhD student will initially learn the fiber optics methods, measurement of the transformation matrix, creation of required input states using spatial light modulator (SLM) and imaging by the fiber. Then he/she will focus on the time response of the fiber based on measurement of the frequency dependence of the transformation matrix. The result will be used to generate pulses with specific properties that behave in the fiber in the desired way. Based on this knowledge, the student will try to develop new spectroscopic methods using optical fibers. The work will include the theoretical and experimental parts. Knowledge of some programming language (Matlab, Mathematica, Labview, etc.) for the calculation and management of experiments will be very useful. The work will take place at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic with the possibility of full-time employment. The PhD student will be involved in the project "Holographic endoscopy for in vivo applications", shortly Gate2mu, which is currently running at this institute. The whole Gate2mu project will consist of ca 15 people (PHD students, postdocs and several senior researchers).
The work will be devoted to a study of transport properties of 2D materials (graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides,….) modified by various layers of adsorbants. Emphasis will be put on in situ-measurements of these properties under well defined UHV conditions and consequently to their utilization in sensing and other applications.
Methods, which enable to display the entire 3D structure of the studied object non-destructively are intensively studied in many scientific and industrial branches. Up to now, for the practical use, the (computed) tomography i.e. a method that gathers 3D information by reconstruction from 2D projections is mostly employed. Computed tomography (CT) has been widely extended in medical diagnostic. Moreover, especially the X-ray micro-CT has been applied in further important areas, such as machine design and diagnostics, biology, geophysics, archaeology and many others. It is obvious from above-mentioned examples, that qualitative and quantitative 3D visualization techniques based on tomographic reconstruction are intensively investigated worldwide. The topics of the dissertation work include study, application and improvements of absorption- and phase-contrast X-ray micro-CT techniques.
Study plan wasn't generated yet for this year.