Course detail

History of Architectural Drawing

FA-DAK-TAcad. year: 2020/2021

The lectures are accompanied by practical examples and thus provide a comprehensive view of the development of architectural drawing as a basic tool of forming architectural ideas. The course includes the oldest documents from the ancient times up to the first half of the 20th century. The course focuses on the differences between sketch, study, contractual sketch (possibly model) and the project documentation that was standardized in the era. The course presents the capabilities of linear drawing to catch the spatial form, especially representation of own and cast shadows, material qualities, use of perspective and axonometry, and the use of attributes (scale, dimensions, signature, and other identification data), and siting the building into the context (ways of representing the situation).
In the study programme “Architecture and Urban Design” the course is part of the theoretical courses.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

1

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Learning outcomes of the course unit

– Students will know the formal specifics of architectural drawing from the oldest examples until the first half of the 20th century.
– Students will familiarize themselves with the function of drawing in a specific historical and social context.
– Students will be able to identify the meaning in the process of preparation and realization of a particular structure.
– Students will attain the ability to understand architectural drawing as a specific source of information in learning about architecture of a specific historical era.
– Students will learn to understand architectural drawing as a document of architectural thinking of a particular author.

Prerequisites

Not applicable.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

The cycle of lectures in chronological order, illustrated with various types of graphical expression (presentation) and demonstrating copies of technical documentation from various eras in 1:1 scale.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Evaluation in the form of written test; success rate is 60 % of correct answers.

Course curriculum

1. Egypt, antiquity – the meaning of architectural drawing in the ancient cultures
2. Architectural drawing in the Middle Ages in examples
3. Renaissance Italy – theory and architectural practice, specifics of drawings by Renaissance architects
4. Renaissance in Central Europe – types of structures and ways of designing, relationship to investors
5. Academic education of architecture and drawing in Italy and France during the 16th–18th centuries – examples of graphical expression
6. Architects in the Baroque times and their drawing expression (Jan Blažej Santini-Aichel; Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer)
7. Architectural drawing in the Classicism times (1780–1840) – the influence of the state on the standardization of drawing expression
8. Architects in the 19th century I. – drawing as part of professional education, the relationship between aesthetic and instrumental aspects in graphical expression
9. Architects in the 19th century II. – functional difference in drawing expression. Reprographic techniques – cyanotype, van Dyke process, Ozalid
10. Central European modernism I. – metamorphosis of architectural drawing in the times of modernism and its influence on the drawing expression in the 20th century
11. Central European modernism II. – individual approaches (e.g. Jan Kotěra, Leopold Bauer, Jože Plečnik and others)
12. Architectural drawing in the interwar period – fine art accent in the interwar avantgard (expressionism)
13. Architectural drawing in the interwar period – standardization of the graphical expression in the design practice

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of the course is to provide knowledge of the ways to employ drawing in architectural practice from the ancient times to the first half of the 20th century, and to teach the abilities to assess a particular drawing in the view of solving a given design assignment.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Students are obliged to attend 70 % of lectures.
In the case of a student's apology and with approval of the subject guarantor, personal attendance may be substituted with online attendance in the classes.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

FREY, Dagobert. Architekturzeichnung. WIRTH, Karl-August (ed.). Reallexikon zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte 1. München: Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte, 1983. Dostupné z: http:// http://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Hauptseite (DE)
KADEŘÁVEK, Fratišek. Úvod do dějin rýsování a zobrazovacích nauk. Praha: Nakladatelství ČSAV, 1954. Bez ISBN (CS)
REINLE, Adolf. Italienische und deutsche Architekturzeichnungen 16. und 17. Jahrhundert. Basel: Wiese Verlag, 1994. ISBN 3-909164-25-0 (DE)
Zeichenunterricht. Von der Künstlerausbildung zur ästhetischen Erziehung seit 1500. Zürich: ETH - Petersberg: Michael Imhof Verlag, 2017. (DE)
KADEŘÁVEK, František. Geometrie a umění v dobách minulých. Praha: Půdorys, 1993. ISBN 80-900791-5-6 (CS)
BARTETZKY, Arnold (ed.) Die Baumeister der "Deutschen Renaissance" Ein Mythos der Kunstgeschichte? Leipzig: Sax-Verlag Beucha, 2004. ISBN 3-934544-52-5 (DE)

Recommended reading

ŠKABRADA, Jiří, EBEL, Martin. Chalupy v Čechách na historických stavebních plánech 1. Praha: Argo, 2014. ISBN 978-80-257-1358-7 (CS)
ŠKABRADA, Jiří, EBEL, Martin. Chalupy v Čechách na historických stavebních plánech 2. Praha: Argo, 2016. ISBN 978-80-257-2002-8 (CS)
FORSTHUBER, Sabine. Moderne Raumkunst. Wiener Ausstellungsbauten von 1898 bis 1914. Wien: Picus Verlag, 1991. ISBN 3-85452-112-X (DE)
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Květa. Šlechtický interiér 19. století na dobových zobrazeních ze zámeckých sbírek. Praha: Panorama, 1993. ISBN 80-7038-246-5 (CS)
VOLAVKA, Vojtěch. Česká kresba 19. století. Praha: Družstevní práce, 1949. Bez ISBN. (CS)
SCHREIBER, Guido. Linien-Perspektive für Architekten, Techniker, Mechaniker und Bauhandwerker. Berlin: Ernst Toeche Verlag, 1882. Bez ISBN. (DE)
FROMMEL, Sabine. Sebastian Serlio architect. Milano: Electa, 2003. ISBN 1-904313-22-1 (EN)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme N_A+U Master's, 1. year of study, summer semester, compulsory-optional

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hours, obligation not entered

Teacher / Lecturer