Course detail

Electrical Power Generation

FEKT-BKC-VEEAcad. year: 2020/2021

The course acquaints students with the conversion of different forms of energy from natural resources into electrical energy and heat. During the course the students will get acquainted with the different types of energy in the nature and especially with the technological processes of its transformation into electrical and thermal energy in thermal, nuclear and water power plants. Part of the subject is a brief introduction to the issue of function and use of renewable energy sources.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

6

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Learning outcomes of the course unit

Graduate of this course is able to:
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of energy sources.
- Define and explain the fundamental terms of energy.
- Describe the full technology of thermal power plants (condensing plants, gas plants, heating plants, combined cycle, cogeneration units).
- Perform complex calculations of thermal power plants.
- Explain the principles of nuclear reactions.
- Perform basic calculations of thermal circuits of nuclear power plants and to apply basic physics of reactors.
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different types of nuclear reactors.
- Explain the principle of hydropower.
- Defining the principles of operation of electrical generators.

Prerequisites

The subject knowledge on the secondary school level is required and basic knowledge of thermomechanics.
Students have to be able to explain and clarify the following issues:
- Basic thermal processes.
- Thermal cycle of gas turbine.
- Fundamental laws of thermodynamics.
- Thermodynamic properties of gases.

Practical experience with i-s and T-s water and steam diagrams is required.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations.
Teaching consists of lectures, laboratories and numerical exercises. The communication platform of the course is on e-learning. Students will complete laboratory assignments defined by the Guarantor's Decree for the current semester. One technical excursion is planned.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Point scoring of written and oral examination is held under the rules of FEEC.
During the semester, students pass three control written tests, laboratory tasks and voluntary individual tasks. Requirements to get the credit are to obtain at least 20 points from 40 possible and NONE of the required activities (laboratory tasks) is evaluated with 0 points.
The final exam is evaluated by up to 60 points and is divided into written (arithmetical problems - 30 points) and an oral part (30 points). Necessary requirement to pass the examination is to obtain at least 15 points from the written part and at least 10 points from the oral part.

Course curriculum

Lectures (Essential Themes):

1. Energy sources, electric power generation in the Czech Republic, the basic energy concepts and terminology.
2. Condensing power plants, thermal cycle, technological circuits and equipment - calculations of thermal cycles.
3. Increasing the efficiency of thermal power plants (reheating, overheating, regeneration).
4. Combined production of electricity, the combustion turbine power plant.
5. Effect of thermal power plants on the environment.
6. Possibility of release of nuclear energy, basic concepts - elementary calculations of nuclear reactions.
7. Types of nuclear reactors, nuclear power plant technology diagram - operational calculations of nuclear power plants.
8. Nuclear safety, fuel cycle, nuclear power plants impact on the environment.
9. Energy balance and energy utilization of water flows - basic hydroelectric calculations.
10. Distribution and structure of hydraulic power plants, design and scheme of hydraulic power plant - operating hydraulic power plant calculations.
11. Electric power scheme, power plant internal load.
12. Alternators in thermal, nuclear and hydraulic power plants.
13. Excitation systems of synchronous generators, new technologies in generation of electric power and thermal energy.

Practice of Professional Basis:

1. Load diagram - the load characteristics, curve of load duration, the integral curve
2. Basic calculations of thermal cycle with condensing and back pressure turbine
3. Heat balance of cycle with condensing extraction turbine, steam reheating and overheating
4. Calculation of regeneration thermal cycle
5. Basic calculations of nuclear reactions
6. Hydraulic power plants calculations

Laboratory Tasks:

1. Analysis of the dependence of active and reactive power on changes of the frequency of a synchronous machine in an isolated network.
2. Operating characteristics of synchronous generator working to stable network.
3. Operating characteristics of synchronous power source working to an isolated network.
4. Measurement of synchronous machine parameters (short and open circuit conditions).
5. Excursion to the thermal power plant (presentation of the process circuit).

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of the subject is to increase the knowledge of future power engineers about the knowledge of electricity production from primary sources, to show the basic procedures for calculating heat flows of thermal and nuclear power plants and their operating parameters. Part of the course is devoted to basic hydroelectric calculations and operational characteristics of hydropower plants and renewable energy sources.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

The content and forms of instruction in the evaluated course are specified by a regulation issued by the lecturer responsible for the course and updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Doležal, J., Jaderné a klasické elektrárny, Praha : České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2011, ISBN: 978-80-01-04936-5 (CS)
MASTNÝ, P.; DRÁPELA, J.; MACHÁČEK, J.; PTÁČEK, M.; RADIL, L.; BARTOŠÍK, T.; PAVELKA, T.; MIŠÁK, S. Obnovitelné zdroje elektrické energie. EFEKT. Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze. 2011. 256 p. ISBN 978-80-01-04937-2. (CS)
Mastný, P., Morávek, J.: Výroba elektrické energie (Základ pro numerická cvičení – tepelné oběhy), online (CS)
Matoušek,A.: Výroba elektrické energie. Brno 2007 (CS)

Recommended reading

Ibler a kol.: Energetika. BEN Praha 1984 (CS)
Štoll,Č. a kol:Využití vodní energie,SNTL Praha 1987 (CS)
Kadrnožka,J.:Tepelné elektrárny a teplárny.SNTL Praha 1988 (CS)
MATOUŠEK, A. Elektrárny 1. 2002. (CS)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BKC-SEE Bachelor's, 2. year of study, summer semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

39 hours, optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

Main technological circuits and main technological equipment of a thermal power plant
Operation of technological equipment,operation charakteristics
Basic principles of steam boiler and steam turbine control
Power plant influence on the environment
Types of nuclear power plants and nuclear reactors
Nuclear power plants with pressurized water reactors

Fundamentals seminar

14 hours, compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

Thermal balance calculation of a thermal power plant with a condensing turbine
Basic calculations concerning the theory of nuclear reactors, reactor power, basic hydrologic calculations

Laboratory exercise

12 hours, compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

Synchronous machine operation
Power factor compensation of an asynchronous generator
Electromechanic protective devices of an alternator
Digital protective devices of an alternator
Parallel operation of alternators