Publication detail

The Effect of Geometrical, Operational, Mixing Methods, and Rheological Parameters on Discharge Coefficients of Internal-Mixing Twin-Fluid Atomizers

HAMMAD, F. SUN, K. JEDELSKÝ, J. TIANYOU, W.

Original Title

The Effect of Geometrical, Operational, Mixing Methods, and Rheological Parameters on Discharge Coefficients of Internal-Mixing Twin-Fluid Atomizers

Type

journal article in Web of Science

Language

English

Original Abstract

Accurate prediction of the discharge coefficient (C-D) for internal-mixing twin-fluid (IMTF) atomizers is challenging, the effect of control factors remains inadequately understood, and comparative data on the C(D)of IMTF atomizers are unavailable. This work presents an experimental study on C-D for different IMTF atomizers with a wide range of factors, including the gas-to-liquid ratio (GLR), the inlet-overpressure ratio (Delta p(mix)/p(amb)), the orifice length-to-diameter ratio (L-o/d(o)), and the liquid viscosity (mu(L)). Five atomizers with different internal-mixing principles were probed on a cold test rig, including the frequently studied outside-in-gas (OIG) and inside-out-gas (IOG) effervescent types, the recently-introduced outside-in-liquid (OIL) and air-core-liquid-ring (ACLR) atomizers, and our new design named the swirling-air-core-liquid-ring (SACLR) atomizer. The results demonstrate that C-D is governed mainly by GLR, and reduces if GLR, L-o/d(o), or mu(L)is increased. An increase in Delta p(mix)/p(amb)causes a C-D reduction up to Delta p(mix)/p(amb)= 0.98, and C-D increases for a higher Delta p(mix)/p(amb). Surprisingly, differences in C-D amid examined atomizers were found negligible, although the flow visualization inside the orifice showed a significantly different flow character for each one of the atomizers. Finally, a general C-D correlation fitting with an R-2 >= 0.99 for all the tested nozzles was proposed. The results amend the present knowledge, allow design optimization, and provide flow rate prediction for a variety of IMTF atomizers.

Keywords

twin-fluid nozzles; internal-mixing methods; discharge coefficient; atomization; two-phase flow

Authors

HAMMAD, F.; SUN, K.; JEDELSKÝ, J.; TIANYOU, W.

Released

11. 5. 2020

Publisher

MDPI

Location

ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND

ISBN

2227-9717

Periodical

Processes

Year of study

8

Number

5

State

Swiss Confederation

Pages from

1

Pages to

22

Pages count

22

URL

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/5/563

Full text in the Digital Library

http://hdl.handle.net/11012/195908

BibTex

@article{BUT168034,
  author="Farid A. {Hammad} and Kai {Sun} and Jan {Jedelský} and Wang {Tianyou}",
  title="The Effect of Geometrical, Operational, Mixing Methods, and Rheological Parameters on Discharge Coefficients of Internal-Mixing Twin-Fluid Atomizers",
  journal="Processes",
  year="2020",
  volume="8",
  number="5",
  pages="1--22",
  doi="10.3390/PR8050563",
  issn="2227-9717",
  url="https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/5/563"
}